Judul : Bitcoin Becomes a Topic of Debate in Indonesia, Is It Really a Zero-Sum Game? Read the Full Explanation
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Bitcoin Becomes a Topic of Debate in Indonesia, Is It Really a Zero-Sum Game? Read the Full Explanation
RUBLIK DEPOK – Debate on whether Bitcoin is part of zero-sum game Resurging among market participants and the general public. This topic has once again become a hot discussion after a statement from an Indonesian young investor who claimed that Bitcoin is merely a win-lose game, where one party benefits at the expense of another. This view has triggered a broader discussion about the true essence of Bitcoin and its role in the digital economy.
What is a Zero-Sum Game in the Context of Bitcoin?
In general, zero-sum game It is an economic concept stating that the total value in a system remains constant, so a gain for one party means an equivalent loss for another party. In practice, this concept is often encountered in speculative activities such as asset trading, including cryptocurrency trading like Bitcoin.
In the context of short-term trading, Bitcoin indeed exhibits zero-sum characteristics. When a trader sells Bitcoin at a high price and makes a profit, the party buying at that price might suffer a loss if the price drops. This occurs in derivative trading systems such as futures or margin trading, where there is no physical asset exchange, and all profits come from the price difference.
However, viewing Bitcoin only from the narrow perspective of trading is considered inappropriate. Many parties point out that this approach oversimplifies the technological reality and the broader social and economic impacts of the blockchain system and digital assets.
Bitcoin Is More Than a Speculative Instrument
Although trading has become the dominant activity in the cryptocurrency market, Bitcoin was designed with much more complex functions. Since its launch in 2009, Bitcoin has emerged as a solution to the weaknesses of the traditional financial system, offering a peer-to-peer payment system without intermediaries, faster and more efficient.
The main functions of Bitcoin that have developed outside of buying and selling activities include:
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As a more affordable and faster cross-border transfer tool
Bitcoin is used in countries such as Venezuela, the Philippines, and Ukraine as a solution for international money transfers, especially for migrant workers who want to send money to their families without high fees.
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As a hedge against inflation
In countries with high inflation or weak currencies, such as Turkey and Argentina, people are starting to store their wealth in the form of Bitcoin as an alternative to the continuously depreciating local currency.
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As a long-term value storage or "digital gold"
Bitcoin is now recognized as a value-preserving asset, similar to gold. In the past ten years, the significant growth in Bitcoin's value has attracted the attention of global institutional investors.
Bitcoin Ecosystem and the Concept of Positive-Sum Game
Different from a zero-sum game, in positive-sum game The value created within the system can grow due to the contributions of all parties. This is what many industry players believe: Bitcoin is part of a system that creates collective value, not one where everyone competes for profit.
Bitcoin ecosystem includes various interconnected parties that contribute, among others:
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Developer the one who built the blockchain-based application
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Miner who secures the network and validates transactions
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Web3 and DeFi Platform those who create unmediated financial services
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Users and investors those who utilize technology for real needs
As Bitcoin adoption and integration into payment systems, marketplaces, and financial institutions continue to grow, the value within the crypto ecosystem not only changes hands but also increases. This has become a distinctive characteristic of positive-sum system which grows along with increasing participation.
New Perspective in Understanding Bitcoin
The debate about whether Bitcoin is a zero-sum or positive-sum game actually reflects different perspectives: whether viewing Bitcoin as merely a speculation tool, or as the financial infrastructure of the future.
From the perspective of short-term traders, profits and losses are mutually exclusive. However, from the technology, adoption, and long-term utility standpoint, Bitcoin has the potential to expand financial access, accelerate cross-border transfers, and improve efficiency in various economic sectors.
Thus, the narrative about Bitcoin cannot be separated from the broader social, technological, and financial context. Bitcoin is not just a cake being divided, but also the kitchen where the cake is continuously produced and developed together.
Indonesian society, which is now increasingly aware of investment diversification and digital literacy, is expected to understand both sides of Bitcoin: risks and potential. Financial education, adaptive regulations, and support for innovation will be key in addressing the future crypto ecosystem.
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